Swarm Intelligence

Swarm intelligence is a branch of artificial intelligence inspired by the collective behavior of decentralized, self-organized systems in nature, such as ant colonies, bee swarms, bird flocks, and fish schools. Algorithms like particle swarm optimization, ant colony optimization, and the bees algorithm solve complex optimization problems by simulating simple agents that interact locally and converge on effective solutions through emergent group behavior. These techniques excel in combinatorial optimization, routing problems, and scheduling tasks where traditional approaches struggle with the vast search space. Swarm intelligence has practical applications in telecommunications network routing, robotic coordination, and supply chain optimization. The field connects to multi-agent reinforcement learning and provides heuristic-based approaches that complement gradient-based machine learning methods. Recent research explores applying swarm principles to coordinate multiple AI agents in agentic AI systems for collaborative problem-solving.